Combination coal and gas oven



H. L-ANGE.

COMBINATION COAL AND GAS OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 19. I92].

Patented Sept. 19, 1922.

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I I AWJQQIMM H. LANGE.

COMBINATION COAL AND GAS OVEN- APPLICATION .HLED APR- 19, I921- I1,429,890, Patented Sept 19, 1922.

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APPLICATION FILED APR.19. I921- Patented Sept. 19

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APPLICATION FILED APR. 19, l92l.

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Patented Sept. 19

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UNHTEE?) HENRY LANGE, OF QUINCY, ILLINOIS.

COMBINATION COAL AND GAS OVEN.

Application filed April 19, 1921.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY LANGE, a citizen of the United States,residing at Quincy, in the county of Adams and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Combination Coal and GasOvens; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to cook stoves and ranges, and more especially tothe ovens thereof adapted to be heated by coal or other solid fuel andalso by gaseous fuel.

It is the object of the invention to provide an oven constructionarranged to be heated from the exterior thereof, as usual, by theproducts of combustion when coal or other fuel is burned in. the usualtire box, in connection with a hydrocarbon burner at the bottom of theoven for heating the oven from the interior by the flames and productsof combustion rising from such burner, and novel means for obtaining aneven distribution of the'heat derived from the burner, so as to obtainuniform baking of the articles within the oven without the necessity forturning them, as is usually required in baking with a gas or hydrocarbonburner.

Another object'of the invention is the provision of novel meanscombinedwith the oven for the circulation of the products of combustionfrom the burner so as to distribute the heat substantially uniformlythroughout the oven above the burner, to provide for even baking.

A. further object is the provision oi novel means above the burner forspreading the flames and products oi? combustion, and for the passage ofa portion of such products of combustion to enter the ov'enat anotherpoint, so as to obtain the even distribution of heat. 7 I

A still further object is the provisionlof a baflie within the ovenabove the burner for spreading the flames and products of combustion,and having a flue to register with a flue formed in one wall of the ovenfor carrying a portion of the products of combustion to an advantageouspoint for the distribution of the heat as aforesaid.

Another object is the provision of ventilating means for the oven, forthe escape of the products of combustion after circulating within theoven, and novel means for Serial No. 462,578.

opening the ventilating means when gas is used.

The invention has for another object the provision of novel means forautomatically opening the ventilating openings when the baiileisinserted into the oven for the heating of the oven by the gas burner,and for automatically closing said ventilating openings when said battleis removed, thereby assuring of the opening of the ventilating meanswhen gas is used for heating the oven, to avoid any possible danger ofan explosion occurring, and also providing i'orthe closing of saidventilating openings so that the products of combustion will not enterthe oven when coal is used as fuel.

It is also an object of the invention to provide such an ovenconstruction which will be comparatively simple and inexpensive inconstruction, which can be readily manufactured, and which will also bethoroughly practical, convenient, and etlicient in use.

lVith theforegoing and'other objects in view, which will be understoodas the dedescription proceeds, the invention resides in the constructionand arrangement of parts, as hereinafter described and claimed, it beingunderstood that changes can be made within the scope of what is claimed,without departing from the spirit oi the invention.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, whereinFigure 1 is a front view oi the OVcfl portion oi? a stove or range, withthe oven door ren'ioved, showing the improvements embodied in the oven.

Fig. 2 is a. horizontal section on the line 2-2 of -.lfiig. 4t.

Fig. 3 is a o'tFig. 2.

-Fig. l is a vertical section on the line 4-4 of Fig. l on an enlargedscale.

Fig. 5 is a bottom plan view of the baffle, portions being broken away.

. Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional detail taken on the line 66 of Fig. 7.

Fig. 7 is an elevation of one of the ventilatin shutters or dampers inclosed position. r

The oven is built in the stove or range in much the-same manner asheretofore, according to well known practice, to provide the bakingchamber 11. The oven has a side wall or partition 12, the opposite sidewall or partition 13, the back wall 14, the top or upvertical section onthe line per partition and the bottom or lower partition 16. The frontof the oven is closed the products of combustion pass through an opening22 into the upwardly extending outlet fine 23 at the back ofthe stovecasing in rear .of the oven, and the back of the casing has anotheropening 24 leading to the flue 23 above the oven for direct outlet .ofthe products of combustion. The opening 24 is closed, as usual, whenbaking, to compel the products of combustion to circulate aroundthe ovenfor heating the oven from the exterior.

Disposed within and forming a part of the bottom 16 of the ove is ahydrocarbon burner 25 supplied with gas or other similar fuel by meansof a supply pipe 26, and supplied with air from underneath the stove bymeans of an air flue 27 leading upwardly from the casing bottom 21. v 4

The burner as shown is similar to the one disclosed in my copendingapplication filed Jan. 19, 1921, Serial No. 438,414, although thepresent improvements are useful with any suitable burner at the bottomof the I oven for heating the oven from the inside by products ofcombustion rising within the oven. I

In carrying out the invention, a baffle 28 is disposed within the ovenimmediately above and near the bottom thereof, and is supported on thelower supporting lugs 29 carried by the side walls 12 and 13 for theadjustable support of the usual shelf (not shown) as well known. Theside edges of th bafiie can thus he slid over the lowermost lugs 29. Thebafile 28 comprises a skeleton plate or casting having the openings 30adjacent to its margin near the several edges of said baffle for thepassage of the products of combustion from below the baflie upwardlyalong the side andback walls and front door of the oven. The baflie 28has a central insulating panel 31 surrounded by the openings 30 anddisposed over the burner for preventing the products of combustion fromrising directly'upward into the oven chamber, and spreading the flameshorizontally under the panel to the openings 30. This panel 31 comprisesthe upper-and lower metal sheets 32 and an intermediate sheet 33 ofasbestos or other heat insulating material, whereby to avoid theexcessive rising of the heat from the burner at the center of the oven.The edge portions of the sheets 32 and 33 are secured or clamped on thebaffle plate by means of bolts 34 or the like. The panel 31 willwithstand the intense heat from the burner, and also reduces thepenetration of the heat, upwardly through the central portion of thebaflie, as well as spreading the flames and products of combustion so asto pass upwardly through the openings .30. p

The baffle 28 is provided with a flue 35 extending rearwardly from overthe burner for carrying off part of the products of combustion from theburner. This flue 35 is relatively flat in cross section, as seen inFig. 3, and has the upper and lower sections 36 and 37, the lowersection being integral with the skeleton plate of the baffle, and theupper section 36 being clamped over the edges of the panel 31 where saidpanel is cut out i to allow an openingor clearance forthe flue.

The section 36 and corresponding edges of of the panel 31 are secured tothe skeleton plate by means of bolts 33, or the like, and the lower fluesection 37 has an opening 39 directly over the burner, so that a portionof the products of combustion rising from the burner will pass upwardlythrough the opening 39 in the bottom of the flue at the inner end ofsaid flue, to pass rearwardly through the flue.

The back wall 14 of the ovenhasa vertical fine 40 extending upwardlyfrom the rear end of the flue'35, and the flue 40 is also relativelyflat. This flue 40 is formed by an outwardly or rearwardly offsetportion 41 with which the back wall 14 is formed, and a plate 42 isdisposed in front of and across said offset portion at the inner sidethereof and has its side edges seated in rabbets 43 formed along theedges of said offset portion 41, so'that said plate is flush with theback wall 14 at the interior of-the oven. The plate 42 is secured to theback wall by means of one ormore clamping bolts 44 engaging through saidplate and offset portion. The back wall 14 is formed with an theflue'40. The flue 41 is formed similarly j to the flue; 40. Thus, thetop 15 has an up,- wardly offset portion 48 and a plate 49 is disposedunder and across said portion with its edges seated in rabbets 50 formedalong the edges of the portion 4E8, so that the plate 49 is flush withthe lower surface of the top 15. The plate 49 is secured in place bymeans of bolts 51 extending through said plate a9 and offset portion 18.The rear end of the flue 4'7 and upper end of the flue 40 are formed sothat they register and fit together, at the upper rear corner of theoven, as seen in Fig. l, and the forward end of the flue L7 terminatesslightly short of the forward edge of the oven top 15. The plate 49terminates short of the forward end of the offset portion 4E8, therebyleaving an opening 52 at the forward end of the flue 47 leadingdownwardly into the oven chamber 11 near the upper forward cornerthereof.

The outwardly offset portions ll and d8 of the back wall and top fluesbeing integral with the back wall and top of the oven, will leave noopenings or slits in said back wall and top, so that soot from the coalor other fuel will not enter the flues a0 and 47, as well as making theback wall and top solid, without open joints exposed to the products ofcombustion from the coal.

The ventilating means for the escape of the products of combustion fromthe oven include ventilating openings 53 in the side wall 13 of the ovenat a suitable height above the bottom and also preferably spaced asuitable distance below the top of the oven. As shown, two of theopenings 53 are provided near the back wall and door opening of theoven, respectively. The wall 13 has depressions 54 surrounding saidopening in which shutters or dampers 55 are slidable and said shuttershave downwardly extending shanks or stems 56 working in grooves 57 inthe wall 13, and said stems have slots 58 receiving retaining rivets ormembers 59 carried by the wall 13, for holding said stems and shuttersin place for vertical sliding movement. When the stems 56 are raised,the shutters 55 are opened to uncover the openings 53, and when theshutters and their stems drop or slide downwardly, the openings 53 areclosed, as seen in Figs. 6 and '7.

In order to automatically control. the shutters or dampers 55, the stems56 are provided at their lower ends with outstanding cam lugs 60, andthe baflle 28 is provided along the corresponding side edge with anupstanding flange '61, the rear end of which is inclined, as at 62, toform a cam. The arrangement is such that when the baffle 28 is slid intothe oven, as indicated by broken lines in Fig. 7, the end 62 of theflange 61 will strike and move under the lugs 60, thereby raising thestems 56 and shutters 55, and said lugs'will be supported by the flange61, when the baflie 28 is in place within the oven, thereby holding theshutters 55 in open position. This automatically opens the ventilatingmeans for the escape of the products of combustion and gas, to avoid anypossibility of an explosion occurring. When the baffle 28 is withdrawn,as when coal is used for fuel, the flange 61 being withdrawn from underthe lugs 60, will permit the shutters 55 to drop and thereby close theopenings "With the battle removed, the oven is heated substantially thesame as ordinarily when burning coal or other fuel in the fire box ofthe stove or range.

The advantage of the improvements resides in the use of the oven whenheated by the gas burner 25. To use the burner, the

baffle 28 is first inserted in the oven over the burner, to therebyraise the shutters 55 and to bring the rear end of the flue 35 intoconnection with the lower end of the fine 40. When the gas is lighted,the products of combustion rise against the panel 31 of the baflle, anda portion of the products of combustion will pass through the opening 39into the flue 35, while the remainder of the products of combustion willbe spread in all directions under the panel 31 to pass upwardly throughthe openings 30. The products of combustion spread by the baflleto theopenings 30 will rise along the walls of the oven and the battle willprevent the products of combustion and heat from rising excessively atthe center of the oven, thereby making the heat more uniform throughoutthe area of the chamber 11. Furthermore, the products of combustionwhich enter the flue 35 will pass on up through the flue 10 and thenceforwardly through the flue d7 to discharge back into the chamber 11 fromthe top near the front upper corner of the oven. The products ofcombustion passing through the fines are directed downwardly into theoven, whereby the articles or objects within the oven are heated fromabove as well as from below, for even baking. The products of combustionpass to one side through the openings 53 and on out by way of the flue18. The circulation of the products of combustion thus obtained willdistribute the heat substantially uniformly throughout the oven chamber,so as to provide for uniform baking, without being compelled to turn thearticles around in the oven, as is the usual practice owing to unevenbaking of such articles. The surplus heat carried by the products ofcombustion from the burner through the circulating flues is deliveredback into the oven chamber from above and at the front of the oven, tocompensate for the natural tendency for the oven to cool behind thedoor. The oven naturally tends to be the coolest behind the door,because the door is exposed to the atmosphere, and by introducing theproducts of combustion from the flue 47, two objects are accomplished.First, the products of combustion are directed downwardly into the ovenfor supplying heat to the articles from above, and second, the productsof combustion are delivered behind the front door to equalize the heatwithin the front and rear portions of the oven chamber.

Having thus described the what is claimed as new is 1. An oven, a burnerat the bottom thereof, said oven having a flue for conducting productsof combustion from one point to another point, and a flue memberremovably supported in the oven for conducting products of invention,

combustion from over the burner to said flue,

said member extending over the burner and having a detachable connectlonwlth said flue, and said member being removable from the oven so as toleave no obstruction in the oven over the bottom thereof.

2. An oven, one wall of which is formed with a flue leading upwardly fordischarging products of combustion into the oven at the top, a burner atthe bottom of the oven, and a flue member supported slidably in the ovenand adapted to be removed from the oven,.said flue member being adaptedto be positioned over the burner for conducting a portion of theproducts of combustion therefrom,-said flue member and wall having aslip connection so that when the flue mem-- her is slid into place theproducts of c0Inbustion flow from the flue member into said 3. An oven,a burner at the bottom thereof, a removable baffle to be disposed overthe burner having a flue for conducting a portion of the products ofcombustion from the burner, and a flue in the oven with which theaforesaid flue is adapted to register when the baffle is disposed in theoven, the last named flue conducting the products of combustion from thefirst named flue to another portion of the oven.

4. An oven, a burner at the bottom thereof, said oven being formed withaflue for conducting products of combustion to enter the oven at thetop, and a removable baflle to be disposed within the oven over the 7burner for spreading the products of coinbustion, and having a flue forreceiving a portion of the products of combustion from said burner andadapted to register with the aforesaid flue.

5. An oven, one wallet which has a flue leading upwardly for conductingproducts of combustion to enter the oven at the top, a burner atthebottom of the oven, and a baflle adapted to be slid into the oven overthe burner, and having a flue to receive a portion of the products ofcombustion from said burner and to register with the lower end of theaforesaid flue.

6. An oven, one wall of which is provided with a flue leading'upwardlyfor conducting products of combustion to enter theoven at the top, aburner at the bottom of the oven, and a battle adapted to he slid intothe oven above said burner and having a panel above the burner to spreadthe products of combustion, and also having a flue With one end arrangedto receive a portion of the products of combustion from said burner andthe other end arranged to reg ister with the aforesaid flue.

7. An oven having a'plurality of ventilating openings at one side, a gasburner for heating the interlorof the oven, an individual shutterfor'each of-said openings,

and a baflie adapted to-be'slid into the oven over said burner betweenthe sides of the oven, said shutters and one edge portion of the bafllehaving cooperating portions for opening the shutters 111 succession whenthe battle is slid into the oven.

In testimony whereof I have signed mv name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

. HENRY LANGE. Witnesses:

G. H. l/VILDE, En SoHMUoK.

